Evaluación ambiental estratégica y ciudadanía: claves para una gobernanza ambiental efectiva

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Resumen

Desde que se tomó conciencia de la emergencia climática, la idea de poner en práctica nuevos modos de deliberación pública ha adquirido mayor importancia en el debate teórico y político ambiental. A partir de este contexto, y mediante un análisis documental, esta investigación analiza los factores institucionales, técnicos y sociopolíticos que condicionan la efectividad de la participación ciudadana en la Evaluación Ambiental Estratégica (EAE), entendida como un mecanismo deliberativo de gobernanza ambiental orientado al aprendizaje social, la transparencia y la toma de decisiones informadas. Los principales hallazgos revelan que una participación ciudadana efectiva requiere el desarrollo de condiciones en dos órdenes de gobernanza: el primero, orientado a asegurar condiciones de acceso, basado en la apertura del proceso y en la coherencia de las técnicas que se emplean para promover espacios de trabajo colaborativo; y, el segundo, que aborda la necesidad de definir con claridad los roles y las expectativas ciudadanas, a fin de arribar a acuerdos que sean el resultado de procesos informados, equilibrados y socialmente justos.

Palabras clave:

desarrollo sostenible , efectividad , evaluación ambiental estratégica , gobernanza ambiental , participación ciudadana

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