Re-naturalizing for a Better Life? Assessing the Social Benefits of Biophilic Cities

Abstract

From a sociological perspective, this research aims to evaluate the benefits associated with the re-naturalization of cities in social terms; to analyze whether biophilic cities are really healthy cities, walkable cities. To this end, a survey was conducted among the population of Pontevedra (Galicia, Spain) on their routines in relation to green spaces, their state of health, and their habitual physical activity practices, such as walking and playing sports. Multivariate linear regression and ANOVA analyses are used to explore possible links between the use of public green spaces in the city, social well-being, and health status of the resident population, measured through medication use, medical consultations, and self-perceived health. At the same time, synergies between the frequency of visits or length of stay and the socio-demographic characteristics of users are investigated; assessing in parallel the level of satisfaction with specific aspects of the city. The results suggest that frequent use of green spaces is correlated with better self-perceived health and more frequent participation in walking and sporting activities. However, special attention needs to be paid to territorial, educational, economic, and demographic issues to ensure that the entire population can enjoy these spaces regardless of their social and personal situation.